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Also called: FBC machine, Full blood count analyser, Mesin FBC

FBC Machine: Full Blood Count Analysers for Clinics

How a full blood count analyser works, what it reports and how to run one well in a busy Malaysian clinic.

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Why clinics bring the FBC in-house

  • Results in minutes while the patient is still in the clinic, instead of next day from an outside lab.
  • Same-visit decisions on infection, anaemia and dengue platelet trends.
  • Fewer courier runs and repeat visits for patients.
  • Control over turnaround during dengue season, when outside labs are busiest.

How an FBC machine measures blood

Impedance counting

Cells pass one at a time through a tiny aperture; each one changes the electrical resistance by an amount proportional to its size. This counts and sizes red cells, white cells and platelets.

Haemoglobin

Red cells are lysed and haemoglobin is measured photometrically; most modern analysers use a cyanide-free method.

Optical differential

5-part analysers add laser light scatter (and sometimes fluorescence) to separate the five white-cell types.

Running an FBC machine day to day

  • Start-up and background check each morning.
  • Run controls before patient samples.
  • Mix EDTA tubes gently and test within the time the manufacturer allows.
  • Review flags and histograms; make a blood film when the analyser flags abnormal cells.
  • Shutdown and cleaning at the end of the day.

What an FBC report includes

GroupParameters
Red cellsRBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV, RDW-SD
White cellsWBC and differential (3 or 5 groups, as count and %)
PlateletsPLT, MPV, PDW, PCT

Frequently asked questions

Can a GP clinic run its own FBC?
Yes. Compact 3-part FBC machines are designed for clinics, with simple reagents and daily controls run by trained clinic staff.
How long does an FBC machine take per sample?
Usually around one minute per sample on a compact analyser, after the morning start-up.
What is “mesin FBC”?
It is the Malay term for an FBC machine — a haematology analyser that runs the full blood count.

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